Cantonese actress Nancy Chan (Chen Yunshang) stars as Mulan in this live-action film made in Shanghai during the third year of China's war against Japan. A box office hit in "orphan island" Shanghai, occupied Nanking, and colonial Singapore, the film was literally burned in the streets of Chungking (Chongqing) by agitators who considered the filmmakers to be traitors--notwithstanding the film's allegory of resistance against invaders. The commercial success of this film helped to usher in the age of the wartime costume drama.